510 research outputs found
Phase Transitions in Granular Packings
We describe the contact network of granular packings by a frustrated lattice
gas that contains steric frustration as essential ingredient. Two transitions
are identified, a spin glass transition at the onset of Reynolds dilatancy and
at lower densities a percolation transition. We describe the correlation
functions that give rise to the singularities and propose some dynamical
experiments
Effect of friction in a toy model of granular compaction
We proposed a toy model of granular compaction which includes some resistance
due to granular arches. In this model, the solid/solid friction of contacting
grains is a key parameter and a slipping threshold Wc is defined. Realistic
compaction behaviors have been obtained. Two regimes separated by a critical
point Wc* of the slipping threshold have been emphasized : (i) a slow
compaction with lots of paralyzed regions, and (ii) an inverse logarithmic
dynamics with a power law scaling of grain mobility. Below the critical point
Wc*, the physical properties of this frozen system become independent of Wc.
Above the critical point Wc*, i.e. for low friction values, the packing
properties behave as described by the classical Janssen theory for silos
A Simple Geometrical Model for Solid Friction
We present a simple model for the friction of two solid bodies moving against
each other. In a self consistent way we can obtain the dependence of the
macroscopic friction force as a function of the driving velocity, the normal
force and the ruggedness of the surfaces in contact. Our results are discussed
in the context of friction laws used in earthquake models.Comment: 9 pages, plain TeX, preprint HLRZ 24/9
Contact forces in regular 3D granular pile
We present exact results for the contact forces in a three dimensional static
piling of identical, stiff and frictionless spheres. The pile studied is a
pyramid of equilateral triangular base (``stack of cannonballs'') with a FCC
(face centered cubic) structure. We show in particular that, as for the two
dimensional case, the pressure on the base of such a pile is uniform.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
Calculation of the separation streamlines of barchans and transverse dunes
We use FLUENT to calculate the wind profile over barchans and transverse
dunes. The form of the streamlines of flow separation at the lee side of the
dunes is determined for a symmetric barchan dune in three dimensions, and for
the height profile of a measured transverse dune field in the Len\c{c}\'ois
Maranhenses.Comment: 6 pages including 5 figures. Proceedings of PSIS 200
Lattice-Boltzmann Simulations of Transport Phenomena and Structuring in Suspensions
We simulate particles suspended in a fluid by means of the lattice-Boltzmann method and its extension to particle suspensions as introduced by Ladd et al. in order to study transport phenomena and structuring effects of particles in the vicinity of sheared rigid walls. We find that a particle free region arises near walls, which has a width depending on the shear rate and the particle concentration. The wall causes the formation of parallel particle layers at low concentrations, where the number of particles per layer decreases with increasing distance to the wall. These findings are in good agreement with a phenomenological theory of Muckenfuss and Buggisch. We also study the velocity distributions of suspended particles which turn out to be non-Gaussian, but exponential
Cluster size distribution of infection in a system of mobile agents
Clusters of infected individuals are defined on data from health
laboratories, but this quantity has not been defined and characterized by
epidemy models on statistical physics. For a system of mobile agents we
simulate a model of infection without immunization and show that all the
moments of the cluster size distribution at the critical rate of infection are
characterized by only one exponent, which is the same exponent that determines
the behavior of the total number of infected agents. No giant cluster survives
independent on the magnitude of the rate of infection.Comment: preprint for Physica A, proceedings of Medyfinol in La Seren
Lattice Boltzmann Models for Complex Fluids
We present various Lattice Boltzmann Models which reproduce the effects of
rough walls, shear thinning and granular flow. We examine the boundary layers
generated by the roughness of the walls. Shear thinning produces plug flow with
a sharp density contrast at the boundaries. Density waves are spontaneously
generated when the viscosity has a nonlinear dependence on density which
characterizes granular flow.Comment: 11 pages, plain TeX, preprint HLRZ 23/9
Scaling of the propagation of epidemics in a system of mobile agents
For a two-dimensional system of agents modeled by molecular dynamics, we
simulate epidemics spreading, which was recently studied on complex networks.
Our resulting network model is time-evolving. We study the transitions to
spreading as function of density, temperature and infection time. In addition,
we analyze the epidemic threshold associated to a power-law distribution of
infection times.Comment: 10 pages, 7 Postscript figure
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